Furnace.



Patented Mar. 6, |900. F. A. DALEY.

F U R N A C E.

(Application filed Mar. 23, 1896.)

2 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

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Pa'tmd Mar. s, |900. F. A. DALEY.

F U B N A C E.

(Application led Mar. 23, 1896.)

2 Shoes-Sheet 2.

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NITED STATES^ l PATENT CF1-relee FRED A. DALEY, OF LA GRANGE, ILLINOIS.

FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 644,664, dated March6, 1900.

Application tiled March 23, 1396. Serial No. 584,423. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that 1, FRED A. DALEY, a citizen of theUnitedStates,residing at La Grange, in the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inFurnaces, (Oase No. 1,) of which the following is a full, clear,concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to furnaces in which draft is afforded to burningfuel by means of twyer-openings arranged along the sides of the retort.

My invention is of special utility in connection with that class offurnaces in which elongated fuel-retorts are employed into which thefuel is fed by means of a primary feeding mechanism located exterior tothe retort and a secondary feeding mechanism located within the retort,the air being directed toward the central portion of the retort throughtwyer-openings located above the bottom of the retort and along thesides thereof. Heretofore air has been conveyed through these openingsby means of twyer-boxes communieating with the twyer-openings andblastpipes through which air is forced under pressure. In furnaces ofthis character it has heretofore been proposed to provide means forclosing the ash-pit to prevent the backflow of gases and for otherpurposes, said means usually being in the form of iron deadplateslocated along the sides of the elongated retort, and while by thesedead-plates or sealin g devices the desired result was effecteddead-plates of iron by reason of the excessive and uncounteracted heatwould be destroyed in a very short time, thus necessitating the frequentrenewal thereof.

My invention has for its object, first, the provision of improved meansfor conveying air under pressure through the twyer-openings, whereby theexpensive twyer boxes heretofore employed for this purpose may bedispensed with, and, second, in so constructing furnaces employingdead-plates that the dead-plates .may be cooled by the incoming airunder pressure before t-he air is directed upon the burning fuel, sothat the life of the dead-plates may be greatly increased, and it is inconnection with furnaces employing dead-plates that my invention has itsgreatest utility.

Generally speaking, my invention consists in a fuel retort or conduitWithin the furnace, the interior of the retort into which the fuel isfed having direct communication with the fire-box and, in fact, forminga part of the space of the lire-box. The space below the fire-box issealed, preferably, to such an extent that communication between thetire-box and the space beneath the same cannot be had except by way oftwyer-openings located along the retort. These twyer-openings in; steadof communicating with twyer boxes through which air is conveyed underpressure, as was heretofore the case, communicate directly with theinclosed space beneath the fire-box, to which inclosed space air issupplied under pressure, which by coming in direct contact with thedividing Walls or parts between the fire-box and the space beneath thesame is heated somewhat before it is passed through the twyer-openings,whereby the combustion is promoted to a greater extent than Where thecold air is forced through twyer-boxes whose walls were not subjected tothe heat from the tire-box above.

In the drawings, Figure l is alongitudinal sectional view of a furnaceconstructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a verticalsectional view thereof on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinalsectional view of a modified form of furnace constructed in accordancewith my invention. Fig. 4 is a sectional view thereof on line 4 4, Fig.3.

Like letters refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

In Figs. l and 2 I have illustrated a furnace to which my invention maybe applied, comprising a chamber u, within which the elongated andhorizontally-disposed fuel-retort b is located, a brick facing c beingprovided in the front end of said chamber, while a setting d is providednear the rear of said cylinder adapted. to support the rear end of theretort, this setting being carried, preferably, slightly above thehorizontal diameter, over the top of which the products of combustionare adapted to pass. The facing and setting serve to make the spacebeneath the retort air-tight, except Where the air is admitted to andexpelled from the same. The nues IOO ZAL

e are let into an end plate provided in the rear of the chamber, throughwhich the products of combustion are passed in their egress to thechimney-way. The water that is to be evaporated to steam surrounds thechamber a and the iues e e, the water being contained within thecylinder a', the water-line being constantly above the chamber a toprevent the same from being burned out.

Arranged along each side of the retort b and within the chamber a aretwyer-blocks ff. Each of the twyer-blocks is provided with openings ff',communicating` with the space g beneath the retort, to which space air,preferably under pressure, is supplied, dead-plates f2 f2 beingpreferably placed between the twyer-blocks and the wall of theheating-cylinder a, said space being practically air-tight, except atthe point where the air is admitted. The walls of the retort and thedead-plates together' form walls of the fire-box, which separate thesame from the space beneath the fire-box. A Y connection, as shown mostclearly in Fig. 2, is provided, the branches g g? whereof are ledthrough the facing c, while to the stem g3 of which a pipe leading tothe blowing-engine may be attached.

Located at the bottom of the retort is a rod h, upon which are fastenedpushing-blocks L, which are adapted to engage the fuel as the rod 7L isreciprocated. Fuel is admitted to the retort through the opening in thehopper t', the fuel being thrust forward within the retort by the headfz" as it is reciprocated. This mechanical stokcr forms no part of myinvention, and I will not further describe its construction.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown the application of my invention to afurnace for heating the ordinary tubular boiler. The twyerblocks ff anddead-plates f 2 fs are associated with this apparatus, as shown anddescribed in connection with Figs. l and 2. The heating-chamber,however, is of a different character, vertical walls 7c 7.; It' beingprovided which support the boiler. A bridge-wall k2 :is provided at therear of the retort, between which and the boiler the products ofcombustion are passed to the chimney-way. The bridge-wall is providedwith a sloping surface k3, upon which the clinker may form and fromwhich it maybe readily removed. The space confined by the retort,twyer-blocks, dead-plates, walls 797s 7.1 L12, and the fioor 7a4 ispractically air-tight, except at the points where the airis admittedthereto and expelled therefrom upon the burning fuel.

In furnaces provided with twyer-boxes which convey air under pressure tothe twyerblocks located above the same dead-plates have sometimes beenemployed between the twyer-blocks and the furnace-Walls. In this form offurnace the dead-plates are liable to be warped by the excessive heat ofthe furnace, since there is no cool air present to counteract the heat.

In a furnace constructed in accordance with my invention the under sidesof the dead: plates are constantly exposed to the incoming air, whichcounteracts the heat from above. I thus avoid the necessity of sofrequent renewal of the dead plates, and by dispensing with thetwyer-boxes as heretofore used there is secured a saving in complicationand expense. The air being admitted first to the space beneath thefire-box becomes heated before it is driven into the fire-box. Thisresults in a better and more complete combustion than is obtained whenthe air is introduced to the retort at a lower temperature.

The furnace constructed in accordance with the preferred embodiment ofmy invention employs side dead-plates which are imperforate, orsufficiently so, to maintain the air forced into the air-chamber beneaththe side fuel-supports under pressure, so that the air will be forced injets directly from the airchamber through the twyer-openings into theretort. I do not wish, however, t-o be limited to a construction inwhich the side fuel-supporting means along the upper edges of thefuel-retort are perfectly imperforate. By means of my improvedconstruction the air that is forced into the air-chamber beneath thefire-box comes in contact with the walls of the fuel-retort and thefuel-supporting means arranged along t-he sides thereof, so that thisair is heated before it is forced through the twyer-openings, wherebycombustion of the fuel is further promoted. The inrushing air comesdirectly in contact with the walls of the retort, as well as with thefuelsupporting plates along the sides of the retort, so that theseportions of the furnace are kept cool by the air, their life beingthereby increased. Heretofore dead-plates inside the retort were likelyto be Warped in the construction of furnaces employing tWyer-boxes.-

I do not claim, broadly, as my invention the combination in a mechanicalstoker with a retort or fuel magazine provided with twyers adjacent toits upper inner edges, means to supply air to said twyers, a primaryfeed mechanism, and an auxiliary feed mechanism located in said retort,as this combination was well known prior to my present invention; nor doI claim, broadly, as my invention the combination, witlra furnace, of anunderfeed-conduit, means for introducing fuel thereto, and means forintroducing a blast of air to openings adjacent to the conduit, thebottom of said furnace being entirely closed adjacent to the sides ofsaid conduit.

I do not wish to be limited in all embodiments of my invention to theemployment of imperforate dead-plates. y

While I have shown my invention in its application to certain forms ofboilers and embodied in a certain mechanical structure, I wish it to beunderstood that I do not intend to limit it in its application ordetails of construction to the precise formsshown; but

IOO

Having thus described myinvention, 'what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is y l. In a furnace, the combination with afirebox, of an elongated horizontally-disposed fuel-retort, dead-platesupon each side of the retort, said retort and dead-plates serving toafford a sealed space beneath the fire-box and retort, twyer-openingsprovided along the longitudinal sides of the retort and affordingcommunication between the lire-box and the space beneath the same, andmeans for forcing air under pressure into the space beneath thefire-box, substantially as described.

2. In a furnace, an imperforate fuel-bearing surface and a retort,dividing the furnace into a {ire-box and an air-chamber, the retortbeing provided with twyer openings or passages for establishingcommunication be` tween the air-chamber and the iirebox, and means forconveying air under pressure to the air-chamber, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a furnace, the combination with a fuel-retort, of afuel-supporting means alongside of the retort, said means and retortseparating the furnace into a fire-box and an air-chamber, the retortbeing provided with twyer openings or passages for establishingcommunication between the air-chamber and the iire-boX, and means forconveying air into and maintaining it under pressure in the airchamber,substantially as described.

4. In a furnace, the combination with a fuel-bearing plate, and afuel-retort dividing the furnace into a fire-box and an air-chamber, theretort being provided with twyer openings or passages for establishingcommunication between the air-chamber and the fire-box, and means forconveying air into and maintaining it under pressure in the airchamber,substantially as described.

5. In a mechanical Stoker, the combination with fuel-bearing plates andan elongated fuel-retort, the said retort being located between theplates and serving therewith to divide the furnace into a fire-box andan air-chamber, the retort being provided with twyer openings orpassages for establishing communication between the air-chamber and thehre-box, means for conveying air into and maintaining it under pressurein the airchamber, and means for forcing fuel into the retort,substantially as described.

6. In a mechanical Stoker, the combination with imperforate fuel-bearingplates and an elongated retort, the said retort being located betweenthe plates and serving therewith to divide the furnace into a fire-boxand an air-chamber, the retort being provided with twyer openings orpassages for establishing com munication between the air-chamber and theiire-box, means for conveying air under pressure to the air-chamber, andmeans for forcing fuel into the retort, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 14th day of March,A. D. 1896.

FRED A. DALEY.

Vitnesses:

CHARLES A. BROWN, J oHN W. SINCLAIR.

